一位歐美老船長的39條航海建議(中英文)
2019-09-20 海事服務網CNSS
航海，真的不單是一個只有生硬的航海技術和機械操作的行業，真的需要投入切切實實的人文情懷。今天分享的這篇文章，是一位剛剛結束航海生涯、有著18年船長資歷的歐美遠洋老船長，寫給船長、老軌，以及即將成為船長或老軌和其他船員的肺腑之言，希望對大家有幫助！
近幾年海上生活尤其艱難，這不僅是源於海上本就有的風險，還因為岸上某些人——為了達到指標或者利益而將行業秩序搞得烏煙瘴氣，據筆者觀察，這部分人多不會滿10年船長或者老軌資歷就會離開海洋。
根據筆者的經驗，正是他們中的多數人，給海員的日常航海作業帶來了諸多不便。那些有超過10年船長或者老軌資歷的人，才是筆者需要尋求建議的更好人選。
筆者根據自己18年航海生涯的感悟積累，寫下了如下總結，是對船長和老軌發自肺腑的建議，真心希望能對海員們（船長、輪機長及不久後會勝任船長老軌，或其他船員）有所幫助！
▼ 請看建議 ▼
（中文版）
1. 無論商業或運營壓力多大，船員永遠是第一位的。
2. 航海是門藝術，要慢慢來。
3. 輪機長才能使船跑起來，船長是「沉默的見證者」，遵循這點，就永遠不會有甲板機艙之間的問題。
4. 船上不可能有兩個船長，如果不遵守這一點，船就會變得一團糟。海商法只會說：「船長和他的船員」。
5. 永遠不要羞於行使你的權威，如果你害怕，就別做船長。
6. 永遠不要短缺、延誤或者否決以下各項：家匯款，休假，空調，食品，淡水等，只要保持做好這五件事情，就很少有船員抱怨你。
7.所有的庫房都是「船上的庫房」，遵守這條，就不會有部門之間的問題。
8.永遠不要輕信岸上人員的電話或者通訊軟體上的話，通訊時最重要的是要備份郵件，我認識很多人是在聽從岸上主管的電話指示後被炒魷魚的，而這些全都沒有郵件備份。
9. 岸上最糟糕的人員就是引水員，你竟然要為他的錯誤買單。
10.除非船上的團隊是個有凝聚力的團隊，否則船總會處於危險之中。永遠不要遺漏這點。
11. 永遠不要拒絕聽取別人的意見，雖然是否選擇採納這些意見是你的權利。有時甚至一個甲板實習生或者機艙實習生也能給出非常好的想法。
12. 身處高位是非常孤獨的，尤其是有麻煩時，一切正常時，船可以是別人的，但當嚴重問題發生時，船只能丟還給船長。
13. 通過定期聚會來緩解船員的壓力，船員快樂，船也會運行良好。
14.當老軌和船長保持了一個良好的關係，那麼所有不必要的麻煩都能避免。
15.永遠不要等船衝到岸上才發現你的錨還在船頭完好無損（靠泊前要備好錨，以備不測）。
16.永遠不要等撞到他船才發現你的錨還在船頭完好無損（千萬小心在錨地時，儘量不要橫越她船船首）。
17.永遠不要接受關於損壞任何東西的指責，因為你沒有受過損壞船舶和機器的培訓（你沒學過機器的那些東西，而且你也不是故意的，譯者注），讓那些混蛋在指責你之前，先教會你如何損壞一艘船。
18.在岸上工作的那些人是沒有能力運行你的船的，所以當船上發生嚴重問題時別期望太高。有實際問題時，他們所有人就像企鵝望向天空要答案那樣看著你。
19.記住這點：醫療救援對於你來說是免費的， 如果你需要醫療救援來救助一個生病的船員，不要羞於聯繫岸上搜救協調中心，這樣往往可以挽救一條寶貴的生命。
20.不要想著做一個鋌而走險的英雄，永遠不要碰冰山，不要在危險的天氣中遠航，更不要逼迫船員做不符合規章的事。
21.做好100件工作沒有什麼了不起。可但凡做了一件錯事，將會被所有人都指責。
22.一旦船員被指指點點，那麼他們就會羞於好好賣命工作。
23. 一旦有機會，當機艙在大修時，讓甲板實習生去機艙體驗，讓他知道這裡的工作是不容易的，而當在密集水域航行時，讓機艙實習生也去駕駛台體驗，這樣他也知道這裡生活的艱難。這樣當他們升到船長或者輪機長時，會相互理解對方部門的問題。
24.「如果你想去天堂，就要先死，沒有別的路」，因此，在你被稱為船長和輪機長之前讓自己先成為這領域的專家，不然你將會有個艱難的航海生涯。
25.要不恥下問，沒有人會因為這個不尊重你。
26. 每次航行都是不一樣的，開船沒有固定模式，因為你是在動態的環境中工作，唯一不變的就是它一直在變，這使得航行環境是動態的。
27.做錯事沒關係，能承認錯誤就好。人無完人，凡人無法成為上帝。
28.知曉你權力的範圍和承認你權力的界限是同樣重要的。
29.船隻是最安全的生命之舟（救生艇），一定要保證她的安全，因為她是最大的希望。
30.不要擔憂岸上的人怎樣評價你，因為你不需要他們的贊同。你是個專業的人員，盡力地保持這份專業，做好自己。
31.船舶就像個窈窕淑女，到港前要保持整潔。
32.傻瓜才會走進風暴中，睿智的航海人都會保持遠離最少200海里以外。
33.船長、老軌、大副、輪機員、廚師、機頭等沒有隸屬的部門，都是船上的人。
34.那些不關心機器狀況的船長，不是真正的船長；那些不關心甲板的輪機長，不是真正的輪機長。保持注意這些細節。
35.一個優秀的船員總是傲慢的同時兼備專業自信。這在海上是一個不爭的事實。
36.不到萬不得已，（比如海水已經觸及到他們鼻子的高度）船員們是不會抱怨的。所以，每一個投訴都是重要的。
37.不熟悉法律不是藉口。在沒有做好所有文件前，工作不算完成。
38.我在海上失去過兩個同伴…，都是源於壓力…，一個在航行值班中死亡…，另一個死於機艙工作間… 另外我的值班駕駛員也曾在駕駛台虛脫（他在夜裡緊急呼叫我，當我大約2-3分鐘後衝到駕駛台的時候，值班駕駛員已經在雷達附近虛脫…他經過一段時間才恢復）…。如果壓力已經讓你難以自控，將工作交付給那些可以解決的人，讓他們也去做一些有風險的工作。
39...90%的檢查都是在船長辦公室里完成的，不要讓檢察官在舷梯至船長房間這段路上找出任何問題，每次檢查時要保持這段地方是完美無缺的，所有其它地方的事情船長都可以搞定他，如果你不能說服檢察官，那就轉移他注意力或者忽悠他。
上述39條建議，每一條都不是虛設的，它們是這位18年資深船長經驗和體悟的精華展現，如果能消化悟透甚至再提升，定會練就你航海生涯的「護身大法」。
★ ★ ★ ★
（英文版）
A letter from a MASTER MARINER
I am a master mariner who quit sailing after 18 years of command and now a retired life.
Life at sea is tough these days, not only because of perils that normally are at sea but also because of shore staff who just mess around to gain some points or bonus ... Such one's are mostly those who left sea prior completing 10 years (gross) of command or 10 years sailing as a CE. These are the ones who mostly are the problem makers for sailors as per my experiences... Those who have sailed beyond 10 years in command or as ce, are the better ones that I could rely on for advice in need.
But just follow the following as a captain and chief engineer ... I write this basis my experiences at sea and hope it helps my fellow sailors (captain and chief engineers and all others) ....
01 ... Irrespective of commercial or operational pressures, crew always first.
02 ... Navigation is an art, do it slowly.
03 ... Ce runs the ship, Capt is the silent witness (I mean Atman) ... If you follow this, then no deck engine problems ever.
04 ... There cannot be two captains on board ... ship will get totally messed up if this is not complied ... Maritime Law only says, "Master and his crew".
05 ... Never be shy to use your authority, and if you are afraid, then step down from rank.
06 ... Following must never be short or delayed or denied ... remittances, sign off, aircon, food, water ... Just keep these 5 minimum things right, you would have very few complaints from crew.
07 ... All stores are ship stores ... Just follow this and there shall be no interdepartmental problems.
08 ... Never trust people ashore and definitely not on phone or WhatsApp. Email back up for telecom is most important. I know of people who got fired after following a superintendent's phone call and that too without an email backup.
09 ... The worst ones ashore are the pilots ... You even pay for their mistakes.
10 ... Unless the shipboard team is a cohesive one, the ship is always in peril ... make sure this never misses out.
11 ... Never fail to take advices from anyone, however the choice of following those is your own prerogative ... Sometimes even a deck cadet or a TME can give very fantastic ideas.
12 ... it's very lonely on the top, especially in problems ... ship is of others until everything is running fine, but when a serious problems arises, the ship always returns back to her master .
13 ... break stress of staff with regular parties ... a happy staff is the cause of a good running ship.
14 ... CE and master are best friends ... When this happens, all unnecessary problems stay at bay.
15 ... Never go ashore with an anchor intact in the bows.
16 ... Never kiss another with an anchor intact in your bows.
17 ... Never accept blame for damaging anything because you have no training for damaging ship or machinery. Tell those bastards to train you how to damage a ship, prior blaming you.
18 ... People sitting ashore are incapable of running your ship ... So don't expect much from them if a serious problem happens. In a real problem,They will all be looking at you like penguins look at the sky for answers.
19 ... Medivac is free for you ... Just remember this and never shy away in calling a MRCC if needed to medivac a sick crew. With this a very precious life can be saved.
20 ... don't try to be a bloody hero ... Never force ice, never force weather and never force crew.
21 ... 100 good jobs have no value, after just 1 bad one ...
22 ... Sailors never shy away from work, until they are fingered badly.
23 ... Once in a while and if you can afford ... Have the deck cadet in engine room during major maintenance so he knows all his life, that life is not easy there ... And have the TME on bridge in critical navigation, so he also knows that Life is pretty tough there. This will help them when they rise to master and ce and they would have more understanding of the problems of the other department.
24 ... If you have to go to heaven, then you have to die ... there is no other way to go to heaven ... Thus if you have a tough sea life, better you are placed professionally when you become master and ce. So accept problems as launch pads for a future glorious career, because no ship is a cake walk.
25 ... Never shy away in asking if in doubt, nobody is disrespected for this reason.
26 ... Every navigation operation is different, there are no fixed rules of ship handling as you work in a very dynamic environment. Only thing that is constant in nature, is her eternal change, which makes the navigation environment a very dynamic one.
27 ... There is no harm in saying "I am sorry" ... Humans who do not make mistakes, would only be God's.
28 ... Knowing your scope of authority is as important as acknowledging your limitation of authority.
29. Ship is the safest lifeboat, keep her safe always because she is the best hope.
30. Don't bother about what shore people think about you because you don't need their votes ... You are a professional, be such.
31. Ships are like beautiful ladies, Just keep her neat and tidy prior arrival port.
32. Fools walk into storms, wise sailors always keep at least 200 nautical miles off.
33 . Capt, CE, C.off, e.off, Bosun, cook, fitter have no departments, they are of the ship.
34 ... That Capt who does not take care of machinery, is not a real Capt... That CE who does not take care of deck, is not a real ce. Keep such nincumpoops in check.
35. An excellent sailor, is always arrogant and with a lot of professional pride. This is an absolute fact about sea.
36. Sailors never complain until the water reaches their nose height, so every complaint is an important one.
37. Not knowing the law is no excuse. No job is complete without completion of paperwork.
38. . I lost two course mates to sea ... Both because of stress ... one died during navigation ... another died in engine room workshop. Plus my own OOW collapsed on bridge once (He called me in emergency at night, and by the time I reached in about 2-3 minutes that it took to rush to the bridge, the OOW was already collapsed near the radar ... it took some time to revive him) ... So I always told everyone so they can beat stresses of the job ... If it is beyond your control, pass the stress to those who are paid to handle it, let them also do some bloody job.
39 ... 90% inspections are passed in Capt office itself, provided the inspector does not find anything wrong from the gangway till capt office. Keep this area perfect in each inspection, everything else will fall in place provided capt can handle him well ... If you cannot convince an inspector, divert him or confuse him.
By Cool Merchant Mariners
原文網址：https://kknews.cc/n/ml49x9g.html
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